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Vision & Refractive errors
Astigmatism
Irregular cornea shapeAstigmatism causes distorted or blurred vision due to an irregular cornea shape. Learn the symptoms, what causes it and how it can be corrected effectively.
Far-sightedness (hyperopia)
Far-sightednessFarsightedness can make reading or close tasks difficult. Understand the signs of hyperopia, why it happens and how glasses, contacts or surgery can help.
Presbyopia
Age-related near vision lossPresbyopia leads to gradual near-vision loss with age. Find out its early symptoms, what causes it and how corrective options can improve visual comfort.
Short-sightedness (myopia)
Short-sightednessLearn more about myopia or eye short-sightedness, what it is, its causes, symptoms and how they can be treated effectively. For more information, talk to a member of our team.
Cataract & Lens Conditions
Cataracts
Clouding of the lensA cataract is a clouding of the eye's natural lens that blurs vision, dulls colours and causes glare. Learn about cataract symptoms, causes, types and how cataracts are diagnosed.
Posterior Capsule Opacification (PCO)
Clouding after cataract surgeryA common, easily treated after-effect of cataract surgery: the thin membrane behind your lens implant turns cloudy, blurring vision again. A quick, painless laser procedure (YAG capsulotomy) clears it in minutes, with no incision or recovery time.
Dysfunctional Lens Syndrome (DLS)
How the lens agesDLS describes how your eye’s natural lens changes with age — progressing through three stages, from early focusing difficulty to cataract. Learn the stages, symptoms and your options.
Retina & Macula
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Central vision lossAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) affects central vision and can make reading, driving and recognising faces difficult. Learn about AMD symptoms, dry and wet AMD, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment options.
Wet Macular Degeneration
Neovascular AMDThe less common but more aggressive form of AMD, where abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the retina and leak fluid or blood — causing rapid loss of central vision. Prompt treatment can preserve sight.
Dry Macular Degeneration
Non-neovascular AMDThe most common form of AMD, where the macula slowly thins and small deposits (drusen) build up, gradually blurring or distorting central vision over years.
Geographic Atrophy
Advanced dry AMDAn advanced stage of dry AMD where patches of retinal cells waste away, creating blind spots in central vision that slowly enlarge over time.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetes-related retinal damageLearn more about the complications of diabetes and how diabetic retinopathy may lead to vision loss if untreated. Find out how it starts, what symptoms to watch for, and treatment options.
Diabetic Macular Oedema
Retinal swelling in diabetesA complication of diabetic retinopathy where fluid leaks into the macula, causing swelling and blurred or distorted central vision. Manageable with injections or laser.
Retinal Vein Occlusion
Blocked retinal veinA blockage in one of the retina's drainage veins, causing sudden, painless blurring or vision loss as blood and fluid back up in the retina.
Retinal Artery Occlusion
Blocked retinal arteryA blockage in an artery supplying the retina — effectively an 'eye stroke' that causes sudden, painless vision loss. A medical emergency needing urgent care.
Retinal diseases
Tears, detachments and moreRetinal diseases can affect central vision, side vision or overall visual clarity. Learn about retinal disease symptoms, common conditions, diagnosis and treatments, and when sudden vision changes need urgent assessment.
Retinal Tears
A break in the retinaA small break in the retina, often as the vitreous gel pulls away with age. Can lead to detachment if untreated, but is usually sealed quickly with laser.
Epiretinal Membrane
Macular puckerA thin sheet of scar tissue forms over the macula and contracts, wrinkling the retina and causing blurred or distorted central vision.
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Fluid under the retinaFluid builds up beneath the retina, blistering the macula and causing blurred or dimmed central vision. Often settles on its own but can recur.
Vitreous Haemorrhage
Bleeding into the eye's gelBleeding into the vitreous gel that fills the eye, causing sudden floaters, haze or loss of vision. Often a sign of another underlying retinal problem.
Posterior Vitreous Detachment
The vitreous gel separatesA common, usually harmless age-related change where the vitreous gel separates from the retina, causing new floaters and flashes. Warrants a check to rule out a tear.
Eye Floaters and Flashes
Specks and flashes in visionSpecks, cobwebs or flashes of light in your vision, usually from harmless age-related changes in the vitreous — but a sudden increase can signal a retinal tear and needs prompt review.
Retinal Dystrophies
Inherited retinal diseaseA group of inherited conditions (such as retinitis pigmentosa) where retinal cells gradually break down, causing progressive vision loss — often starting with night or peripheral vision.
Corneal Conditions
Keratoconus
Thinning corneaKeratoconus is a progressive eye condition where the cornea thins and bulges outward. Learn more about common signs, symptoms and how to effectively treat.
Corneal Conditions
Assessment and treatment for conditions affecting the cornea — the clear front surface of the eye — including dystrophies, scarring, ulcers, infections, recurrent erosion and pterygium.
Inflammatory & Infectious Eye Conditions
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